Category: Wills

Why make a Living Will?

So what exactly is a living will? Unlike a final will where you state who you want to inherit your property after you pass away, in a living will, you outline your preferences about future healthcare treatments, in case you’re ever unable to express your wishes to doctors and loved ones. For example, if you end up in a coma, unconscious or unable to verbally articulate your thoughts.

A living will also be referred to as “medical directives,” “health care proxies,” or “advance health care directives.” Some jurisdictions have a standardized form, while other places allow you to draft your own document so long as you have it witnessed and signed.

Once you make a living will, at a time when you are able to mentally and physically do so, the person making a decision on your behalf, if something were to happen to you, will be bound to comply with any wishes you expressed while you were still capable. It is a binding document.

These documents have become popular as more and more people realize the importance of making critical decisions about their medical and end-of-life care ahead of time. Many legal battles have taken place which negatively affect family members where they try to keep a specific member alive using medical treatments, while others prefer to end the person’s life if no recourse is expected in improving their health to minimize suffering. Having a living will help prevent much of this by allowing each person to document their own wishes and preferences, giving more certainty, for other family members or loved ones to follow whether they agree with it or not.

Some of the specific benefits of a living will include:

Authorize treatments. There are many procedures that require authorization from the patient. You can make these authorizations in advance in case you are incapacitated. You can ensure that you will get the treatment you need and want.

Refusing specific treatments: As the inverse of the previous point, there are a number of reasons why people may not want certain medical treatments. It could be a “do not resuscitate” order, or you may not want a feeding tube. Some treatments may be against your moral or religious beliefs. A living will give you control over the treatments that you will accept and those you will not.

Know your outcomes: You never know when an illness or disease might strike or you may be in an accident that puts you into a situation where you cannot make your health care decisions. Having a living will in place ensures you that incapacitation will not make outcomes a guessing game. You know what to expect because you have specified it.

Eliminate financial problems for your family: Medical treatments, especially long term care, can become very expensive. You can make decisions in advance that will eliminate or minimize the cost of care for you.

Make the decisions easy for your family: Similar to the previous point, since you have specified what you want, it will be easier for your family to accede to your wishes. You have limited their options so decisions won’t be as difficult as they might have been.

Prevent arguments among family members: Your family cares about you, but different family members may have different opinions about the best treatment for you. By creating a living will, you can eliminate any disagreements.

Ensure doctors follow your wishes: With an advance directive, your doctors will do what you wanted them to do. They won’t do what they simply feel is best for you. You are in control and not your doctor.

The Time Secured app makes creating a living will easy, there are editable templates that can be used and downloaded for signature. These can then be sent to your family members for safekeeping or through the passing vault (if you don’t want them to see it until there is a need to).

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What is a Will Executor?

When someone close to you passes away, or even you, it can be a trying experience for the family and loved ones of those that pass away. In addition to dealing with mourning and grief, there are a number of practical matters that need attention, and right away, including funeral arrangements, obtaining death certificates, reading the will, probate, distributing assets, and so forth.

Hiring an estate executor (also known as the personal representative, administrator, estate trustee, or liquidator) can make the difference between an easy process to an extremely stressful one.

The executor’s responsibility is to manage and wind up the deceased person’s estate, resolve any debts, distribute assets to heirs, and file legal paperwork. Some of the tasks might include the following:

Arrange Funeral — Request burial or cremation, organize the memorial, order death certificates, etc.
Take Inventory — Find and organize all estate assets and debts
Become Executor — Get appointed by the court (if going through probate)
Send Notifications — Notify friends and family, social insurance, banks, credit cards, etc.
Manage Estate — Maintain and care for assets; plan asset disposition
Resolve Debts — Pay off debts in full, or arrange for debt forgiveness
File Taxes — Submit relevant tax returns: decedent income, estate income, etc.
Make Distributions — Distribute net assets to heirs
Wrap It Up — Finalize the estate settlement, including probate final accounting (if applicable)

Some tasks can be performed by anyone, such as notifying next of kin, while others have strict legal requirements. For example, some jurisdictions require that an estate administrator resides in the deceased same jurisdiction which can be difficult. Fees and costs related to getting an Executor, especially if you have limited assets, can be significant but in many cases tax exempt.

The role of an executor can be complicated and involve tax, legal, and other financial decisions. It may also be contentious depending on family dynamics. While most people choose an executor when they draft their first Will, life events typically trigger a re-evaluation of who should take on that responsibility for you.

Be sure you are careful with whom you appoint, that they are ready for the job, and that you use Time Secured to give them all the necessary and updated information for them to properly implement your final wishes.

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Should I Write a Will?

Why have a will? Even if you don’t have much to leave behind when it comes to material things, having a will is one of the most important things you can do.

You probably had a few people talk to you about it (or maybe not) – had a few family friends bring it up every time you meet, it can be an annoyance, and frankly you are likely avoid talking to them for that purpose. Realising how important it is, even later in my life, has made all the difference.

Most people will say I don’t have much to leave in terms of money, or things, but it can be as simple as saying who the guardians are going to be of your kids, even if there is an understanding before you pass away. Emotions will run high and people will start to overstep if you don’t make sure things are all clear.

If you don’t have kids or much else to be taken care of once you leave, a will is good to prepare simply to say you don’t have anything to give away – as simple as that! It has it in black and white, there is no confusion, and everyone is clear on what you do (or don’t) have; and what you want to do with it.

Lots of free will preparation websites and templates you can find online depending on the jurisdiction you live in. Also worth making a health decision consent form (and probably even more important to you since you’ll be alive or a version thereof) – where you give authority to people to make treatment decisions for you. Don’t panic you can stipulate when it comes into force, so no one is going to make medical decisions for you arbitrarily. This is another big one and is almost as important as the final will.

Making a will is a favour you do for those you leave behind, giving them clarity, keeping their conscious clear and avoiding unnecessary bad blood when they are already reeling from a difficult time. If you haven’t lost anybody close to you it’s hard to prioritise this as a top concern. But take it from someone whose experienced a close death early on, it’s really one of the main things I make sure I do knowing what I’ve gone through. Hopefully you don’t need it anytime soon, but it wouldn’t hurt to have it ready when the time comes, which can be a sudden shock.

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Write your own will in 5 easy steps

Can’t afford a will? The truth is you can’t afford not to have a will. Writing a will is the only way to retain control of your assets and nominate the beneficiaries upon your passing. It is nowhere near as difficult as many would have you believe. So, where do you start? How do you protect your assets upon your death?

It is fair to say that estate planning BC has changed over the last couple of years with the introduction of electronic wills and electronic storage. Where you have a relatively complex estate, you may require a degree of legal advice, while others may require little or no input from the legal profession. Whatever your situation, writing your own will is still relatively straightforward and something you should consider.

Estate planning issues

You must discuss estate planning issues with your advisers before attempting to write your own will. Even though there are several online wills BC, including the popular Staples will kit, you must be careful and ensure everything is in order. Online wills BC work well for those who have a reasonably simple estate. However, if your estate is a little more complicated, you should seek at least initial guidance.

Probate tax Canada

While there is no probate tax Canada, your estate will be charged a fee based upon the value of your assets. In British Columbia, the situation is as follows:-

Estates valued at less than $25,000 will not attract any probate fees
Estates valued between $25,000 and $50,000 will be charged a probate fee of six dollars for every $1000 worth of assets, or part thereof, between $25,000 and $50,000
Estates valued in excess of $50,000 will be charged $14 per $1000 worth of assets by which the estate exceeds $50,000
Those estates valued in excess of $50,000 will also attract an additional probate fee of $200

Any probate tax Canada due will be taken from your estate, reducing the amount available to distribute. If you decide to use a probate solicitor, you will probably be looking at additional fees of between 2% and 5% of the estate’s value plus VAT. Consequently, some people will take general legal advice and use this to write their own will.

The easiest way to write a will BC

The Staples will kit could be an interesting place to start if you have a moderately complex estate. As you will see with a quick Internet search, each Staples will kit offers a different degree of flexibility to suit your scenario. However, it is possible to write your own will without any third-party documentation.

Step One: Decide who will be your beneficiaries

Estate planning BC is critical, because without a will the courts will become involved, creating added expense and reducing the value of your estate. First, write a list of beneficiaries and what assets you would like to gift them on your death. If you decide to split your estate equally between numerous people, there is no need to specify individual assets.

Step Two: Appoint an executor

The appointment of an executor is an integral part of estate planning issues and something you should decide upon at a relatively early stage. Many people have friends and family as executors, while others choose those from a more formal profession, such as a solicitor. You will also need to appoint a backup executor in the event that your original choice is unable to fulfil their executor obligations.

Step Three: Create a formal document

It is essential that your will is marked as such and clearly revokes any previous wills in existence. Unless the document is titled explicitly as your will, it could be taken as advice with the courts potentially becoming involved. The online wills BC market is relatively large, with packages such as the Staples will kit proving very useful. In addition, many examples are available online to give you an idea of the format and specific wording.

Step Four: Specify miscellaneous provisions

While the distribution of assets is the central part of any will, there is also the opportunity to add specific miscellaneous provisions. This may include the appointment of a guardian for your children or someone to look after your pet. Unfortunately, many people retain these miscellaneous provisions in their minds but fail to add them to their will. Consequently, this is one of the estate planning issues which is often overlooked.

Step Five: Notarize and register your will

Under normal circumstances, your will would be signed off in the presence of a notary in British Columbia. This will involve two witnesses, at least 19 years of age, and the notary signing your document as a legal instruction. At this point, your will is live, although you will need to register the document with the British Columbia Vital Statistics Record Office.

Storing your will

There are numerous options when looking to store your will, one of many estate planning issues you will need to address. For example, you could keep a physical copy at home, with a friend or leave it with your local bank or solicitor. Recent changes to regulations now allow you to store (and write) your will in electronic format in the cloud. Wherever you decide to keep your will, make sure there are clear instructions about executing your instructions on your death!

Simplifying estate planning issues

In light of Covid, we saw several changes concerning estate planning issues, including the introduction of electronic wills and remote witnessing. This meant that two individuals (one of which would need to be a lawyer/notary public) could witness the document while being in electronic contact but without physically being in the same room. Many people expected these changes to be temporary, but they have been brought into BC law and are now part of estate planning BC.

Then there is the ability to store your will in electronic format, with several will cloud storage companies now emerging. This has injected a degree of competition into the estate planning BC market, which will eventually lead to a more competitive charging structure.

Are you ever too young to have a will?

When looking at estate planning BC, you must be over the age of 16 and of sound mind to make a will. Traditionally, those who die young without a will would typically see their assets distributed amongst immediate family. However, there is nothing stopping anyone over the age of 16 from writing their own will, in line with the relevant legal procedures, and allocating existing and future assets as they so wish.

However, this issue could be controversial if a young person was left a significant amount of money/assets as a beneficiary, for example, of their parent’s will. Even if the beneficiary was over the age of 16, some parents might decide to appoint a trustee to manage their inheritance. It will depend upon the individual situation, but it is possible to leave assets for a beneficiary under the short-term control of a third party.

Avoiding family feuds

While wills and inheritances are not the easiest of things to discuss across the dinner table, unfortunately, they can lead to long-lasting family feuds. Consequently, many people now look to write and register their wills away from family and friends, relying on executors. Some people have used family friends as their executors, but this can lead to issues with:-

Biased opinions on asset allocation

If an executor has a connection with one of the potential beneficiaries, or someone frozen out of your will, this could place them in a difficult situation. Even with the best intentions, it can be challenging to maintain an unbiased opinion in these situations. Is it fair to put a friend/acquaintance in such a position?

Negating gift instructions to an executor

The more detailed your will, the less chance it will be challenged in the courts. Leaving a gift in your will to an executor may raise some eyebrows in some situations. Where you influenced? Were you in a fit state of mind when preparing your will? Rightly or wrongly, these questions could form the basis for a legal appeal against your will.

Whether you seek the assistance of a friend, distanced from the scenario and not a beneficiary, or a close adviser will depend upon your situation.

Retain control of your estate!

Whether you are considering using something similar to the Staples will kit, writing your own will or taking advice from a solicitor, you need to retain control of your estate. If you don’t have a will, the courts will make the decisions; you will lose control of how your assets are distributed while potentially building up significant additional costs.

Failure to act today may see your loved ones stripped of their rightful inheritance tomorrow; those assets it took you years to build up. This is your chance to provide for them in your absence.

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New legislation: Electronic wills in British Columbia (BC)

While will writing is not the kind of conversation you would like to have across the dinner table, it is a crucial subject for individuals and families. Failure to write a will could lead to an array of complications and expenses with a process that may drag on for some time. We know that many people prefer their will to remain private before their passing, which can help avoid friction, arguments, and even legal action.

Before taking a look at the changes in legislation, let’s first go through some information about wills in general.

Do you need a will in British Columbia?

If you die without a will in BC, this is described as having died intestate and means the courts will decide how your assets are distributed. In line with provincial laws, an executor will be appointed to review your family situation and propose how your assets will be split. The hierarchical family tree tends to be:-

Partners
Children
Parents
Siblings
Nieces and nephews

This legal process is unlikely to consider any fractured family relationships. Consequently, your assets may not be distributed as you would have preferred. By writing a will, you can specify how your assets will be split.

Writing a will in BC

The cost of writing a will in British Columbia will vary depending on your route. If you decide to use the services of a solicitor, there are various charges to consider, including:-

Consultation
Preparing the will
Storing your will
Executing your will on death

Even though using a solicitor is the more traditional method, many people are unaware that you can write your own will. Again there are specific issues to consider, such as:-

Ensure the will is valid from a legal point of view
Advice on completing the will
Storing your will
Execution on your death

While a do-it-yourself will is significantly cheaper than a solicitor, many people prefer to involve the legal profession to ensure their will is legal.

Where to store a will BC

Those looking to store a will in British Columbia have several historical options and one recent change to will writing regulations. It is a problematic quandary; where can I store my will for safekeeping?

Store a will with a solicitor

Even though it is perfectly possible to write your own will with legal standing using online services, many still prefer to use a solicitor. Consequently, the vast majority of wills today are retained with a solicitor until the person’s death.

Store a will at home

There is always the option to store your will at home in BC, but this option has obvious risks. The document may be lost or destroyed in the event of a fire, for example. This would lead to your estate being distributed as having died intestate. Many people have a safe in their home, which has obvious benefits but only if people know the documents are there.

Store a will with a friend

Whether an executor or a friend, it may be an option to store your will with a third party that may have safer storage facilities. However, this option has obvious risks if your relationship breaks down, they lose your documents, or nobody knows where they are on your death.

Store a will with your bank

Some banks and other financial institutions offer storage facilities to their customers. It may be that you choose to store your will with a British Columbia bank with instructions left in the event of your demise. Where there is only one original hard copy of your will, there is always a risk that it may be lost or destroyed.

Store a will electronically

Under recently updated BC laws, you can now create an electronic will with an electronic signature, which can be stored in the clouds. Whether or not you prefer to retain a hard copy in a safe place is up to you, but electronic wills are accepted in British Columbia from a legal perspective. Furthermore, as you can literally store your will as a locked file, only available to certain people in the event of your death, it has opened up new opportunities with cloud storage services.

Using a will registry in British Columbia

Many people use the services of provincial will registries, which allow you to store details of your will where they can be located on your passing. Seen by many as a backup service, this is another way to ensure that legally binding documents will be available on your death.

Electronic wills in British Columbia

Like many provinces across Canada, BC authorities were forced to bring in an array of new regulations due to Covid-19. Some of these changes legalized the creation and witnessing of electronic documents, including wills. Even though many assumed this would be temporary, these changes have been written into BC law in relation to wills, estates and trusts.

What is an electronic will BC?

Under the new regulations, an electronic will is defined as in a form which can be:-

Recorded or stored electronically
Read by a person
Reproduced in visible form

As part of the regulation change, it is now possible for the two witnesses to sign “in each other’s electronic presence”. This means that the witnesses sign the document simultaneously, even if they are not physically together. It is important to note that one of the witnesses should be a lawyer/notary public, and the document must be signed and witnessed in accordance with the regulations.

Altering and revoking electronic wills

Now we come onto the subject of altering and revoking electronic wills, which can be done in several ways:-

Deleting an electronic version of the will with the intention of repealing it
Destroying a paper copy of the will, with witnesses present, with the intention to delete the electronic copy
Replace the electronic will with an up-to-date document
Signed declaration from the will-maker revoking all or part of the electronic will

It is now as easy to create, edit, and destroy an electronic will as it is a paper copy. The fact that you can also store electronic wills in the cloud brings us onto the service we offer here at Time Secured.

Is it time to visit your will arrangements?

While many people are perfectly able to create their wills and arrange storage, it is not always that easy to ensure your instructions are honored upon your death. However, we can store your electronic will in the clouds using the Time Secured service. Then, using a regular check in system, we will be able to confirm that you are still alive. Finally, all of your electronic documents will be sent to the relevant parties on your passing. This will ensure that your instructions are carried out to the letter, as swiftly as possible.

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Ultimate Guide to Writing Your Own Will

“Do I have to pay a lawyer to draft a will?” If you’re reading this, chances are you’ve asked yourself this question.

Well let me reassure you; you really don’t. The toughest thing about drafting your own will is navigating through the legal requirements, technical jargon, and the ocean of rules and regulations. If you screw up your taxes, you can always go back and correct it; but if you screw up your will, there are no do overs for obvious reasons.

That’s why we’ve set out to create the most comprehensive guide to will-writing on the internet that’s simple to follow so that anyone can draft a legally recognized will. That being said, let me preface this by saying: we would still recommend you to see an estate attorney if your estate situation is complex. This is a guide for people with relatively simple estates that would like to save on costs.

We want to make sure our information is accurate. Therefore, we read the Law Society’s Professional Legal Training Course material so you don’t have to.

Table of Contents

Why Even Write a Will? The Importance of Estate Planning
What to Include in the Will
Conditions for a Will to be Recognized in Court
Signing (Executing) the Will
After signing the will
- Wills notices
- Wills storage best practices

Why Even Write a Will? The Importance of Estate Planning

Before we get into the nitty gritty, it’s important to understand why having a will is so important.

If someone was to pass away without a will, that person is said to have died intestate. In the case of a person passing intestate, their estate will be distributed based on preset statutory rules.

Here’s why passing without a will might not be ideal for you:

Risk of beneficiaries being disqualified from assistance programs

Since you have no control over how your estate will be distributed, the result might disqualify your beneficiaries from assistance programs.

Here is an example: Your spouse was on BC’s income assistance program. If you pass without a will, the statutory rules of intestate allocated $50,000 to your spouse, increasing their assets past the income assistance eligibility threshold. Your spouse gets removed from income assistance.

Risk of unfavorable asset distribution in other jurisdictions

If you’re someone who owns real property in other provinces or countries and you pass without a will, the assets you own in other jurisdictions will be distributed according to the rules of that specific jurisdiction which may not be ideal.

Your estate may not be allocated to the beneficiaries who need it most

If you have children or other beneficiaries, your spouse will not be entitled to the entire estate according to the rules of intestacy. This may be troublesome if your spouse needs significant support from the estate. Here is a chart of how your assets would be distributed according to the rules of intestacy:

Dies Leaving	Distribution
Spouse and no descendants	Entire estate to spouse
Spouse and descendants of intestate and spouse	to spouse: preferential share of $300,000; furnishings of spousal home and right to acquire spousal home from estate for 180 days after representation grant residue: half to spouse; half to intestate’s descendants pursuant to
Spouse and descendants of intestates but not spouse	to spouse: preferential share of $150,000; furnishings of spousal home; and right to acquire spousal home from estate for 180 days after representation grant residue: half to spouse; half to intestate’s descendants pursuant to
More than one spouse	spousal share divided as the spouses agree or as determined by the court
Descendants but not spouse	equally among the descendants, pursuant
Parents but no descendants	equally to surviving parent or parents
Descendants of parents (deceased’s siblings) but no parent of descendants	equally to the descendants of the intestate’s parents or parent
grandparents or descendants of grandparents (deceased’saunts, uncles, cousins) but no descendants, parents, or descendants of parents	equally to surviving grandparent(s) or, if any grandparent is no longer surviving, that part to descendants of the deceased grandparent
great-grandparents ordescendants of great grandparents, but nodescendants, parents,grandparents, or descendants of grandparents	equally to surviving great grandparent(s) or, if any great-grandparent is not surviving, that part to descendants of the deceased great grandparents

Here is an example of how assets will be distributed if a person passes intestate:

Loss of distribution control if you have a sole successor

If you pass without a will and have a sole beneficiary who is a minor or is mentally incompetent, the Public Guardian and Trustee will have to be notified and may take over the responsibility of your estate distribution. This not just results in you losing control of how you want to distribute your estate, it also results in additional costs.

Avoidable taxable gain and liability for estate tax

Assets that can roll over to your spouse on a tax deferred basis generally can’t roll over to your children on a tax-deferred basis. So in the case that someone passed away without a will, the asset allocations according to the statutory rules might mean extra costs in the form of taxable gains and liability for estate tax.

Guardian for minor children

If you pass away intestate, you lose the ability to select a guardian for minor children (unless you’ve already done so under the family law act) which can be unfavorable for your child depending on who the court appoints as a guardian.

What to Include in the Will

Now that we’ve talked about how important it is to have a will, we can go over what elements are mandatory to include in a will.

Preface

The preface paragraph needs to identify who you are and confirm the intention that the will is intended to be your last will.

Ex.

Revocation of all former wills

Since the court only recognizes the most updated will, it’s imperative to include a paragraph specifically stating that you intend to revoke all previous wills as well as the date of this current will.

Ex.

Appointment of executors and trustees as well as alternatives

An executor is someone that you appoint to handle your estate and carry out your will after you pass. A Trustee is someone who manages specific trusts for you. It’s a good idea to list out your executors and trustees as well as 2 or more alternatives in case they are unwilling to act or continue to act.

Ex.

Appoint Guardians

Passing away with minor children is one of the most worry-inducing situations to be in. Everyone wishes to pass away knowing that their children will be properly taken care of. Make sure to include a section appointing guardian(s) as well as 2 or more alternatives just to be safe.

Ex.

Gifts

This is probably the most important part. In this section, you list out how you want to distribute your assets amongst the beneficiaries. Try to be as comprehensive and specific as possible to ensure your will gets carried out as you intended.

Ex.

RRSP/RRIF, debt, or life insurance beneficiary designations

Outline how to allocate your RRSP/RRIF accounts and life insurance payouts if any. Then include how to deal with debt like funeral expenses, income tax, and estate related taxes as well as which trustee you would like to handle this task.

Administrative powers

In this section, you may grant your executor specific administrative powers. Couple examples are:

The power of sale
The power to compromise claims of creditors
The power to value and distribute property
The power of investment
The power to borrow, secured by mortgage or pledge
The power to manage real estate
The power to make income tax elections and designations.

Ex.

Conditions for a Will to be Recognized in Court

WESA Technical Requirements

WESA (Wills, Estates, and Succession Act) has set some requirements for a will to be considered valid:

The will must be in writing
The will must be signed at its end by the will-maker (or by another person in the will-makers presence and by the will-makers direction)
The will-maker must make or acknowledge the signature in the presence of two or more witness who are both present at the same time
Two or more or more of the witnesses must sign the will in the presence of the will-maker
The will-maker must be at least 16 years of age

*WESA has recently broadened the meaning of presence to include remote signing where parties are in each other’s “electronic presence”

Legal Requirements

Now for the most important part. No matter how perfect and comprehensive your will is, it means nothing if the court does not recognize it to be legal. When that happens, your assets will be distributed as if you passed away without a will, so we want to make sure we get this right. Here are the conditions for your will to be recognized in court according to the Law Society:

Will-maker must have intended the will to have a dispositive effect

Dispositive is basically a fancy (legal) way of describing “the intent to settle a claim, legal issue, or controversy”. So this condition means that the will-maker must intend for the will to serve the purpose of a will.

Will-maker must intend for the will to not take effect until after death and be entirely dependent on death for its operation

This one is pretty self-explanatory.

Will-maker must intend for the will to be revocable

This means that the will-maker must understand that the will can be altered or canceled and intend for the will to be so.

Will-maker must have executed the will in accordance with the formal requirements of WESA

These are the technical requirements we went over in the above section.

Testamentary Capacity

In addition to following the technical and legal requirements, WESA also requires the will-maker to be mentally capable in order for the will to be considered valid. To be mentally capable of making a will means:

The will-maker must understand the nature of the act of making a will and should intend to make a disposition of property effective on death

The person writing the will must understand that the document is intended to resolve claims, legal issues, or controversy of their property after your passing. The will is not valid if the will-maker was coerced or manipulated into making it.

Will-maker must be free of mental disorder

Victims of mental disorders such as Alzheimer’s, dementia, and schizophrenia are deemed as not having the testamentary capacity to create, amend or revoke a will. You will still be able to do these things if you are diagnosed early enough and you are deemed to have testamentary capacity by a medical professional. If your family history has proven you are prone to these mental disorders, it is advised to make a trusted person as your POA (power of attorney) so that if the time comes, they can make amendments for you.

The will-maker must know the nature and extent of their property

You must have a general understanding of the property you own. Don’t worry, the court will not expect you to be able to list out every item of your investment or real estate portfolio.

Will-maker must know the persons who are the object of their bounty

This means that you must know who the beneficiaries are as well as what you are giving them.

Will-maker must understand the manner in which their estate will be distributed

You will need to know and understand how your estate will be distributed to your beneficiaries.

One thing to keep in mind is that testamentary capacity is not something that can be diagnosed. Medical evidence only serves as important and relevant information. Ultimately the court is open to reach a conclusion based on the evidence it has.

Signing (Executing) the Will

The requirements for will signing is quite straightforward. It simply requires your signature, followed by the signature of 2 other witnesses that are not beneficiaries indicating that they witnessed your signature (order matters; you must sign before your witnesses).

Although it’s not required to go to a notary for the will to be legally valid, if your situation is more complex (ex. Child support obligations, blended families, foreign investments), it might be a good idea to go to a notary to save yourself from future complications.

In BC, due to covid-19, the government has permitted online witnessing and signing of wills so you are able to execute your will in the comfort of your home using services like NotaryPro.

After signing the will

Wills notices

After a will has been signed and executed, it might be a good idea to file a wills notice with Vital Statistics. The will notice requires your full name, date, your place of birth, date of execution and the location of the will. By filing a will notice, you now have official records of your estate planning efforts and will minimize further complications down the road. Examples where the deceased has written a will but, his family only knows that he put it in an unknown safety deposit box are quite common.

Wills storage best practices

The Law Society official recommendation is to keep wills in a place where they can be readily located and retrieved when required and free from risk of accidental loss or destruction. If you search “where to store wills” on Google, you will get some interesting results (like in your freezer as it’s the last place to burn in a fire…) Here are some recommended options for will storage:

Store it with your Lawyer

If you went to a lawyer to draft your will, most attorneys will give you the option of storing your will with them for a fee. If you choose to leave your will with your attorney, make sure to tell your family that you’ve done so and mention it in your will notice if you are planning to submit one.

Safety deposit box (only if you’re comfortable with someone else having access)

Only store your will in a joint safety deposit box. If nobody but you has access to the safety deposit box, a court order is required for your family to access it after you pass, which could take a long time. This further delays the probate process and might cause nuances for your loved ones.

Online Will Storage

Since the amendments to Bill 21, BC now recognizes electronically stored wills. Estate document storage tools such as Time Secured are becoming increasingly popular due to its ability to automatically give access to executors and beneficiaries upon passing.